Fuel pump



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 21, 1942. H. c. EDWARDS FUEL PUMP Filed Sept. 29,1959 July 21,1942. H. c. EDWARDS 2,290,829

FUEL PUMP Filed sept. 29, 1939 '2 sheets-sheet 2 V l 7gg /A//fA/ro fa-/7//5 HrroR/VEYS.

Patented July 2l, 1942 z UNiTED STATES PATENT- 'o-FFICE The TimkenRoller Bearing Company, Ohio, acorporation of Ohio applicati@ septemberzo, 1939, serial No. 297,021

i3 claims. (ormai-175) disassembly of the parts, to provide readyaccessible manually operable means for priming and fiushing the pump andto obtain other advantages hereinafter appearing. The invention consistsin the pump and in the construction and combinations-and arrangements ofparts hereinafter described and claimed.

'In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification andwherein like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a pump embody.- ing my invention,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section throughthe pump above the main pumpchambers on the line 2-'2 in Fig. 1, Y i Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectionalong the axis of the main pump chambers on the line 3--3 in Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is la view looking at the outlet sideof the-pump, l l

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary side view similar to Fig.4 with the outlet coverremoved,

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 with the outlet valve plate removed,

Fig. '7 is an inner face view of the outlet cover, Fig. 8 is a viewlooking at the'inlet side of the pump.

Fig. 9 .is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 8 with theinlet cover`removed, Fig. l0 is an inner face view of and Fig. ll is a verticalcross-section on the line II-IIinFig.4. Thevpump shown in theaccompanying drawings comprises a housing I having inlet and outtheinlet cover;

let covers .2 and3 removably secured to, the op positesides thereof. Thehousinghasacentral cylindrical vblind bore 4 therein thatI extendsforwardly from the rear e'nd thereof to a point short of the front endthereof. vSnugly fitting the housing bore I intermediate between theends thereof. is a circular closure member or disk 5. which forms aclosed cylinder 6- forward of Asaid closure and has a central rearwardlyextendingtubularstem portion I coaxial with said 5` in the housing boreis a push or piston lrod Il, whose inner ,end isdisposed in abuttingrelation vto the opposing end of a piston I2, which is reciprocable inthe cylinder 6 A and 'divides the latter into separate rear andfrontexpansible pump or pulsation chambers I3 and .HIL respectively.

This piston., which ism theform' for a cylindrical .cup which .openstowards the ,forward pump lchamber I4, is displaced rearwardly inthedirection of the push'rod I I by the expansive effort of a coilcompression spring I5, vone end of which bearsagainst Ia seat in arecess IISl provided therefor in. the forward end of said chamber andthe other endl of which seatsagainstthe bottom of said cup-shaped.pston. The forward stroke of the piston is producedby a power operatedtappet or edge. cam I1 that engages the bottom or closed rear end of atappet cup I8 mounted for reciprocating movement in the pumphousingbore4 rearwardly of the closure disk 5. This tappet cup surrounds aninwardlyopening thmble I9 that surrounds the rearwardly extending piston rodsupporting stem 'I' of the closure disk 5 and has a recess 20 in itsclosed rear end adapted to receivethe projecting rear end of the pistonor push rod I-I. Mounted in the tappet cup I8 between the closed camengaging rear end thereof and an outstanding flange 2| on the openforward end of thethimble I9 is a compression cdil spring 22, ,whichserves to yieldably hold said tappet cup in. contact with the poweroperated tappetfor edge cam I 'I and transmit the forward movement ofsaid cam to the piston rod actuating thimble I9.

The pump has 'valved inlet andoutlet passagelways, veach communicatingwith both of the `pumpchambers I3 and I4.v The inlet passageway isformed by a passageway 23 that leads inwardly through the inlet cover 2and terminates at the inner face thereof in two diverging branchpassageways 24, 24a, that open into enlarged valve chambers 25, 25aformedin the opposing vertical outside face -of the pump housing. One ofthese valve. 4chambers 25 communicates with the rearward pump chamber I3through a passageway 26, and the other valve chamber 25a communicateswith the front pump chamber Il fuel to the rear and front pump chambersI3 and |4 but prevent return flow of said fuel through? the inletpassageways.

The outlet passageway for the rear and front pump chambers I3 and |4.,is.formed.b.y llessage.-` ways 29, 29a that lead froml thefffrontgandrear:

pump chambers, respectively, and open throughthe bottom of atriangular-.recessllformed -in the vertical outlet cover 'opposing face"of'the pump housing. Snugly seated in this triangular '1 recess Awithits outer face flush Withthe outside face of '.thpurnp housing isaftriangularv plate 3|v4 having f po'rts` 32 and 32a Iextendingthere'-through thatfregister with the' 'respective, passageways 29, '23a'where' they' openfjinto' said" recess. the outlet'cover'3has anelongatedrecesjs therein, forming a passageway, 33 th a t establishescommunication betweenthe vtwo ports' 32 and 32a that register with the pafssaggeway 29;,29@ leading from the respective front 'and rear plilllpcylinders.. Theporti'oris of the/passageway 33 located opposite the'portsj32, 32a in the valve plate 3| are shapedtokffqrmenlarged valvechambers 34, 24a'vvhih containioutwardlfv opening check valves 35 and 35q','respectively. These valves are'heldin closeiflposition'over theouter ends of the Aport's 32 and 32a in.- the' valve plate 3| preferablyby means fo'f coil'fcompression springs 36, 36a, thereby permittingthefuel in the front and rear pumpchambers'to flow "into the passageway33 while preventing return flow of such fluid to said 'chamber's'j Thepassageway 33 communicates midwayfof -its valve chambers 34, 34a with aport 31 thart'extees through the valve plate 3| midway betwen the ports;32, 32a that are closed by the valves 35j 35o in said chambers; and thisintermediate'port'31" opens at its inner end into onefend of apassageway 38 formed by an elongated groove in the bottom` of,

the triangular lvalve 1plate receiving recess `38. The other end of thispassageway 38 opens into a port 39 in the triangular vvalve plate 3| andthis port opens into' a circularvalve chamber 48 in the inner face ofthe outlet cover' 3, whichv cham-- ber, in turn, opens intoal dischargepassageway 4I that opens through the outer face of said outlet cover.Located in this discharge valve chamber 40 is a suitable. outwardly"opening check valve 42 that is yieldablyi heldmagainst` the-outerl faceof the valveplate- 3| over the outlet port4 39 therein by means 'of acoil compression-spring 43, thereby permitting discharge of fuel from"the discharge passageway 34| but preventing return flow of such fuel. f

The vhereinbefore--faes'cribeii duuleacung' fue1 supply pumpis`alsoprovided fwith's'eparate or auxiliary manually operable' primingVand flushlng means. Said-means comprises a plunger including a disk 44and 'cup leathers 45 reciproca-l ble in an upright cylinder 46 on'thetop of the pump housing I. 'I he plunger disk and leathers are sleevedon the` reduced-"lower end lportions of a plunger rod 41. Metalwas'hers48 are also ".ceved on said portionof said plunger rod above and belowthe cup washers; and the plunger" disk. leathers and washers are securedagainst axial movement on the plunger rod between a The inner orvalve'plate 'opposingl f ace of spacer sleeve 49 sleeved thereon betweenthe uppermost washer and the shoulder formed by the reduced lower endportion of said rod and a nut 50 threaded on the lower end thereof inabutting relation to the lowermost washer. A compressi- -blegjgasketor-sealing washer, -:,5 is..mounted 4around'l the spacer sleeve -'48biet. an outstanding flange 49a at the upper end thereof and fra-theuppermost washer.

The plunger rod 41 is supported for axial 1sliding movement in thecylinder 46 by means y-'-of;.1a,closure=-membenfor the outer end thereofin the form ofafsleeve nut 52 that is threaded into .f "-1: the upperendthereof and has suitable vent holes l5 52a extending therethrough. Acoil compression spring "53"su`r'rouiids said cylinder exteriorlypermost position with the compressible sealing washer 5`|` bearingagainst the underside of `the "plunger rodguide nutl 52- and closing thevent openings l52a'therein.` This spring has its lower end'sseatedjon anannular shoulder 46a provided "therefor aroundthe exterior face ofthecylinder "46 with its upper vend pressing upwardly against g5 'an'operating knob in the'form ofa downwardly opening"'cylin'drical cap 54which isfsecured to the upper endl-ofsaid plunger rod bymeans :of

a :nut-155."- Thelowerend of 'the auxiliary-cylin- "der '48'-opens-iint: one .end of an inclined passage- "way SGL-"wh other endtopens into the passagevway 38fin 1 'e with 'the valve plate port 31that communicates with the passageway 33 that con- 4'r'iects'tli'etwolvalved ports 32, 32a in the valve plate-3|. y

Tlie'inletand-outlet covers 2 and 3 are secured 4toch'ehousing Abythrough bolts 51 that extend entirely through both covers and thehousing; and-thefi'espective cover plates are sealed by gaskets'58 andl"59 'thatf-,are clamped-- between said covers and housing and haveopenings 'there- :through reg'steringlfwit'h the passageways: and

-.'re':es's`est in the covers.- f

The operation of the hereinbefore described pump isasfollows: Whentheltappet cup I8 is forced inwardly by the rise or nose of 'the edgecam V`I1, such movement is' transmitted through the tappet spring 22"and spring holder of thimble I951to the rod I I which bearsv againstthe inner end of the piston I2 and thus forces the same towards thefront end of the cylinder against the presvsure of the'spring I5. Thismovement of the piston opens the inlet valve 21 and draws fueltherethrough into the rear" pump chamber |3 through the branch-24 of theinlet passageway 23 55 in the inlet cover 2. At the same time, fuel thathas previously been drawn into the front pump chamber I4, in the manner`hereinafter described, is forced by the piston I2 throughfthepassageway 29, valave plate port'32, valve 35, passageway 33, valveplate port 31, passageway 38, valve i plate port '39V and dischargevalvev'4'2 into the fuel 'discharge passageway 4I in the outlet cover 3.

When the drop or base'circle-of'the cam I1 is i on the piston lI.2"isrelieved and `the piston is 'forcedl rearwardly by the` expansive-a'ction of the spring'ifIE. 'This rearward movement-'of-said pistoncauses fuelfto bev drawn-'into the' front Apump vchamber. |4 =throughthe `inlet"valv e'-21a and the branch 24a ofthe inlet passageway' 23 inthe inlet 'cover 2. At the same time, fuel that has previouslybeen'drawn into therear pump z" .chamber I3` is expelled therefrom-bythe rearward tra-vel of the piston I2. This fuel passes through thepassageway 29a, valve plate port 32a,

thereof-.- and serves to hold the plunger in its upvalve 35a, passageway33, valve plate po'rt 31, passageway 38,*valve plate port 39,- anddischarge valve "42" into the lfinal Ldischarge passageway 4I inthe'outlet cover 3. Thus, induction and eduction iseffectedonneachstroke of the reciprocat'- me piston.

Thef'positionfpf the piston I2"is determined'- by thebl'anceof theforces of the two springs' I andj22 inthe different positions of thetappetv cup I8; land the length of-stroke' of said piston andtheq'uantity of fuel discharged thereby vary v according to the' backpressure of the fuelin the fuel discharge lines. Thus the quantity offuel discharged depends on'the fuel consumption' of the engine; `and',regardless vof the length of `stroke surrounding said thimble andreciprocable in said housing 4axially^of said cylinder, and a singlespring locatedin said cupfwithoneend seated againstetheclosed outer endthereof and with the other'en'd seated on said thimble adjacent to theoperi inner end thereof and operatingto hold said of the piston or thepressure pumped, the'piston or push rod I I willalways remain in contactwithv the piston I2.` The'tappet cup I8, tappet spring 22 and thimble I9are free to rotate as a unit about the push rod II as a centeringmember. The 'combined' closure ymember and piston rod guide' 5 is easilyinserted in and removed from the housing bore 4 and is removably held insaid -bore by means of the'snap ring 8. The inlet and dischargepassageways, ports and valves are acsessible for inspection cleaningmerely by removing the inlet and outlet covers and the disl charge valveplate. y

When it is desiredV to flush or prime the'rnain pump, the piston oftheprimer is reciprocateo'- in theA auxiliary cylinder 46 means 'of theoperating c ap or knob 54 on the outer end of the auxiliary pump'plunger rod 41. Outward movement of the auxiliary plunger or pistonunde'rthe action', of the'spring 53 causes the fuel to be drawn into.the two pump chambers I3 and I4 through the inlet passageway 23 branch'passageways 24 and 24a, the inlet valves 21 and 21a'- 26 a. The suctionof the and passageways'rZl and the fuel from the auxiliary plunger alsodraws two pump cylinders I 3 and I4 through the pas-y sageways 29 and29a, valve plate ports 32 and 32a,valves 35 and 35a, passageway 33,valve plate port 31 and passageway 56 into the lower end of the cylinder46. Inward movement ofthe auxiliary piston against the pressure of thespring 53 forces the fuel thus drawn into the auxiliary cylinder 46 backthrough the passageway 56 into the connecting passageway 38 and thencethrough the discharge valve 42 into the iinal discharge passageway 4I.The spring 53 holds the auxiliary pump plunger in its outermostposition; and in this position of said plunger the sealing washer 5icarried' thereby is pressed tightly by i said spring and by the constantdischarge pressure of the power pump e sainst the closure member 52 forthe outer end of the auxiliary cylinder 46 and thus serves to close thevent openings 52a in said closure member.

Obviously,- the hereinbe'fore described pump admits of considerablemodification without -departing from the invention. Therefore, I do notwish to be limited to the precise construction shown and described.

WhatI claim is:

1. A pump comprising a housing having a cylinder, a piston reciprocablein said cylinder. said housing having an inlet passageway opening intosaid cylinder and a discharge passageway leading from said cylinder, aninwardly opening check valve in said inlet passageway, an out- Wardlyopening check valve in said outlet passagewayresilient means fordisplacingA said piston in one direction, and driving means for 'fdisplacing said piston in the other direction, said rod in abuttingrelation to said piston in all positionsthereof. a v2 v;

2; A- pump. comprising ,av housing having a cylinder, a pistonreciprocable in said cylinder 4and dividing the latter into twopulsation chambers,` said housing having an inlet passageway withbranches opening into the respective chambers and a discharge passageway`with branches leading from respective chambers, inwardly opening checkvalves-in the respective branches of said rinlet passageways, outwardlyopening check valves inthe respective branches of said outlety,passagewaysf resilient. means for displacing saidpiston inone-direction, .and driving means for-displacing said piston in theother direction. said driving means comprising a rod reciprocable insaid housingv with-one end extending into one of saidv chambers co-axialwith and in abutting relationtothe-adjacent end of said ."piston,an-inwardly opening thimble surrounding said rod outside of saidchamberwith its closed end seated on but unsecured to the outer end' of saidrcd .-an inwardly opening cam actuated tappet Y. cup surrounding saidthimble and reciprocable in saidhousing axially of said cylinder, and asinglefspring interposed between said thimble and said tappetcup withits outer end seated onthe closed outer end of said tappet cup andwilthits inner end seated on said thimble adjacent to the open inner en dthereof.

3. A pump comprising a housing having a cylinder, a piston 4reciprocablein said cylinder anddividing the latter into'two pulsation chambers,said housing having an inlet passageway with branches opening into therespective chambers and a dischargeI passageway with branches leadingfrom the respective chambers, inwardly opening check valves in therespective branches of said inlet passageway, outwardly opening checkvalves in the 'respective branches of said outlet passageway. resilientmeans for displacing said piston in one 'direction only. and drivingmeans for displacing said piston in the other direction, saiddriving'mcans comprising a rod reciprocable in said housing with one endextending into one of said chambers co-axial with and in abuttingrelation to the adjacent end of said piston, an elongated inwardly openvthimble surrounding said rod outside of said cylinder and having anoutv standing flange at its open inner end and having its closed uterend seated on but unsecured to the outer end of said* rod. an inwardlyopening cam actuated tappet cup surrounding said thimble andreciprocable in said housing axially of said cylinder, and a single coilcompression spring surroundng said thimble with its inner end seatedagainst the closed outer end of said tappet cup and with the other endseated on the outstanding ange at the open inner end of said thimble.

4. A pump comprising a housing having a blind bore therein, a closuremember snugly fitting withinl said bore intermediate between the' endsthereof and forming ajclosed pumpl chamber, a pistonreciprocable in saidchamber; removable means for holding'saidclosure member in said boreagainst axialmovement'therein', a rod reciprocable insaid closurelmember Wit-h one'end. extending 'into said..

chamber 'in' abutting relation tothe adjacent end.

of said piston, ata'ppet cup reciprocable in said,

borel between' the open endthereof 'and said closure member, and asingle spring forming the only operative connection f between vsaid-tappet cup, and said rod', said closure member, piston, rod, tappet cupand'spring being all. insertable in bore.'V

and r'emovablevflrom the open'v end of said blind.

5. A pump comprising a housing having 'a blind bore vtherein;"afclosure"member snuglyf. fitting within -said'bo'reintern1ediate between theendsthereof and 'forming aclosed ipump chamber, a piston reciprocableinsaid chamber, -removable means for holding said vclosure memberainsaid.v

bore against axial movement ltherein, a rod reciprocable in saidiclosure-member with one end extending into 'said chamber inabutting-relation to the adjacent endof saidplston, a tappet cupreciprocable' v'in said bore .between -the-open .end

thereof and said closuremember, -an elongatedcup-'shaped `member"locatedin saidtapp'et cup with its closed end-seated on theother end of saidrod, and a single coil-compression spring interposed between said tappetcup and said cupshaped member with one end seated on said'cup-.

shaped member vinwardly of the outer end of said rod and vwith its:other end seated against xthe closed outer end of said'tappet cup.

6. A pump comprising a housing having -a blind bore therein, a closuremember snugly fitting within said bore intermediate between the ends'thereof and forming a closed Apump chamber, said closure memberhaving atubular `stern portion# extending in the directionof the open end ofsaid bore, a piston reciprocable in said chamber, re-v movable means forholding said closure member in said bore against axial movement therein,a rod reciprocable in the tubular stem portion of said closure memberwith one end extending into said chamber in. abutting relation to theadjaing said stem portion of said closure, said thimble having anexterior shoulder adjacent to its open end, and a coil .compressionspring interposed between said tappet cup and said thimble with one endseated againstthe bottom of said cup -and the other-.end seated on theshoulder adjacent to the inner open end of said thimble.

7. A vpump comprising a housing having .a cylinder, a pistonreciprocable in said cylinder and dividing the latter into twoexpansiblechambers, said housing having an inlet passageway and inletpassageways opening into the respective chambers and outlet passagewaysleading from the respective chambers, inwardly opening check valves insaid inlet passageways, outwardly opening check valves in said outletpassageways, said housing having a second cylinder and a passagewayestablishing communication between said second cylinder and said outletpassageways outwardly of the check valves therein, and a-second manuallyoperable piston reciprocable in said second-cylinder.

8. A pumpcomprising.vaghousing having a cylinder, a. piston..reciprocable .in said cylinder A and-dividing the'latter into twoexpansible chambers, said housing having. an inlet passageway.l

with branches leading to the respective chambers and anoutlet passagewaywith branches leading from the respective chambers, check valves in therespective branches ofsaid inletand outlet pas- -sageways, a checklvalve inthe discharge end of saidoutlet passageway, said housing havinga second cylinderanda vpassageway establishing communicationbetween saidcylinder and said outlet passageway between thecheck valves in.-thefbranches thereof and the .check valve at the discharge endthereof, and a manually operable piston` reciprocable in .said secondcylinder. Y

9. A pump comprising a housing having acylinder, a piston reciprocable'in said cylinder and A. .dividing thelatter into two expansiblechambers,v

said-housing having inlet passageways opening into the respectivechambers and outlet passageways. leading from the respective chambers,inwardly opening check valves in said inlet passageways, outwardlyopening check valves in said Voutlet passageways,.said housing having asecond cylinder andI a1 passageway` establishing communication betweensaid second cylinder and s aid ou'tlet passageways outwardly of thecheck valves ftherein, a second piston reciprocable in saidseccylinder,a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and dividing the latter into two.expansible charnbers, said housing having an inlet passageway withvalvedv branches leading to. the respective chambers and-an outletpassageway with valved 4,branches .leadingirom the respective chambers,

said housing having a .second cylinder land a pas.- sageway establishingcommunicationv between said secondl cylinder and said outlet passageway.outwardly of the valve branches thereof, a manually operable pistonreciprocable in said second cylinder, aclosure for the outer end of saidsecond cylinder, said closure having vent g openings extendingtherethrough adapted to be' .closed by said manually operable piston inthe outermost positionofv its sliding movement, and

a spring for yieldably vholding said manually operable piston in suchposition. 11. A double .acting pump comprising a housing having acylinder, a 4piston reciprocable in .said cylinder and dividing the same'into two pump chambers, saidA housing having inlet passagewayscommunicating with the respective chambers,v inwardlyppening check valvemeans` in the respective inlet passageways, said housing having outletpassageways leading from the respective chambers and opening into arecess in the outer face ofv said housing, a valve plate snugly nttingsaid recess and having ports extending therethro'ugh'in register withthe respective outlet .passageways an outlet cover removably securec; tosaid housing over said valve fplate and havinga recess in its valveplate opposing face forming a connecting passageway between said ports,l outwardly opening check valves for the respective ports mounted insaid connecting passageway, a third port extending through said valveplate for establishing communication between said connecting passagewayand one end of a groove in the bottom of the valve plate receivingrecess, said outlet cover having a nal discharge passageway extendingtherethrough with its inner end in communication with a fourth portextending through said Valve plate and in communication with the otherend of. said groove, an outwardly opening check valve for said fourthport located in said final discharge passageway said housing having apriming cylinder in continuous communication with the groove in thebottom of said valve plate receiving recess, and a priming plungerreciprocable in said priming cylinder.

12. A double acting pump comprising a housing having a cylinder, apiston reciprocable in said cylinder and dividing the same into two pumpchambers, said housing having a valved inlet passageway communicatingwith both of said chambers, inwardly opening check valve means in saidinlet passageway, said housing having outlet passageways leading fromthe respective chambers and opening into a recess in the outer face ofsaid housing, a valve plate snugly tting mounted in said connectingpassageway, a third n port extending through said valve plate .forestablishing communication between said connecting passageway and oneend of a groove in the bottom of the valve plate receiving recess, saidoutlet cover having a final discharge passageway extending therethroughwith its inner end in communication with a fourth port extending throughsaid valve plate in communication with the other end of said groove, anoutwardly opening check valve for said fourth port located in saiddischarge passageway, said housing having a second cylinder and amanually operable plunger therein and a passageway communicating at oneend with said second cylinder at the other end with the rst mentionedend of the groove in the bottom of the valve plate receiving recess insaid housing.

13. A double acting pump comprising a housing having a cylinder and apiston reciprocable insaid cylinder and dividing the latter into twoseparate pump chambers, said housing having valved inlet and outletpassageways for the respective pump chambers, a spring for displacingsaid piston in one direction, and means for displacing said piston inthe opposite direction in cluding a power operated member and a singlespring between said member and said piston, the two springs being ofsubstantially equal strength, whereby the position of said piston insaid cylinder is determined by the balance of the forces of the twosprings in the different positions of the power operated member and thelength of the stroke of said piston vand the quantity of dischargevaries according to the back pressure in the discharge passageways ofsaid pump chambers.

HERBERT C. EDWARDS.

QERTIFICATE or CORRECTION. patent No. 2,290829 July 21, 19u2.

HERBERT C. EDWARDS.

It is'hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2,first column, line 52, for chambers 51|., ZLLa" read --chambers l514;,Elia-f.; and second colmmn, line 59, for "valave" read --valve; page h.,first column, lines 66 and 67, claim Y; strike out "an inlet passagewayand" and that the said Letters Patent should be read with thiscorrection therein that the same may conform to the record of the casein the Patent Office.

signed and sealed fehle-1st dey of september, A. D. 19142.

Henry Ven Arsdale, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

